The South Moravian Region lies in the southeast of the Czech Republic with an area of 7195.2 square kilometers and a population of 1.172 million (by 2014). It is divided into seven districts. Its capital is Brno, the second largest city in the Czech Republic and the center of education and industry. The southern and northern part of the region is predominantly flat and dominated by fields, the west and east hills and valleys.

The region has highly developed industry and agriculture. Industry, transportation and agriculture are its three pillar industries. Mechanical engineering has an essential role in the economy of the region with advanced mechanical manufacturing (heavy-duty machinery, precision machinery and metal processing). Electrical engineering has a tradition for more than a century. Food industry forms another important sector, especially in the southern and eastern part of the region. Important activities include meat processing, canning of fruits and vegetables, sugar industry, brewing and wine making. The region has an important role in the nation and international transit. Brno is a significant crossing of road and railway transport and a hub of the integrated regional public transport system. The arable land of the region covers 49% of the total area. The agricultural production is oriented on the production of cereals, rapeseed and sugar beet. Other important agriculture sectors in the region are viticulture, fruit farming and vegetable growing.